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These three commercial building facades will give you the inspiration you need for your next architectural project.

3 commercial building facades to inspire your next project

In the commercial world a lot rides on impressions.

Think about it – would you shop, or enter into business, with a company that appeared outdated, chaotic or disorderly? 

Given that we know facades can have significant psychological impacts on passers-by, when you're designing a frontage for a commercial building the pressure is on to get it right,

This article will take an in-depth look at three exteriors that exemplify how architects can help companies put their best foot forward when it comes to building facades. 

Locker Group can help you create a building facade that makes a lasting impression.The facade on a commercial building needs to make a good first impression.

What is a facade?

There are many elements that make up an effective architectural project, so to clarify the area of focus for each of the below case studies, we're going to start by defining what we mean by a facade. 

The Collins Dictionary definition of a facade is a building's 'front wall, or the wall that faces the street'. For commercial enterprises, the significance of this part of their premises cannot be overstated. The frontage is the view that will greet customers and potential business partners as they approach an establishment.

Ideally a facade should make a statement, differentiating the building from those that surround it, and helping to establish an identity for the organisation that owns it. 

Here are three that have achieved all of the above, and then some. 

1. Hispasat Technology Centre, Madrid

The intricate frontage on the Hispasat Technology Centre in Madrid, Spain is a truly awe-inspiring site.

This facade combines aluminium panels coated with three slightly different tones of lacquer to create an ethereal effect. The futuristic design draws on space as its muse, highlighting the company's role in managing satellites. Due to the reflective nature of the aluminium, the building's appearance changes with the weather, and at night the whole structure is lit up from the outside.

However, the design is not entirely aesthetics oriented, the geometric latticework exterior serves to control the amount of sunlight that enters the office. As well as contributing to comfortable working conditions for staff, this helps boost the green credentials of this build by minimising heat loss and gain, therefore reducing the need for HVAC systems.

2. Deloitte Bygget, Oslo

Norwegian architect firm Snøhetta were commissioned in 2007 to start working on a design for the new Deloitte office in the country's capital, Oslo.

When the building was finished, in 2013, the results of their work were simply stunning. And it had to be. Situated directly opposite the new Oslo Opera House, itself an architectural masterpiece, and surrounded by skyscrapers, Deloitte Bygget had to fight to stand out. At the same time, however the architects had to conform to Oslo's barcode development pattern – consisting of tall, narrow, high-rise buildings.

Also known as Isfjellet, the inspiration for this commercial building facade comes from a breaking glacier, referencing the beautiful landscapes of Norway's arctic north. This effect is successfully achieved through the combination of the buildings' clean lines, and the fractured geometric pastern that spans the entirety of the frontage.

3. Mirvac Riverside Quay, Melbourne

Bringing things a little closer to home, the last entry in our list of commercial building facades is the Mirvac building at 2 Riverside Quay, Melbourne. 

This project saw a collaboration between Locker Group and Fender Katsalidis architects, with an emphasis on eye-catching visuals and sustainability.  

Two of our perforated metal panels were used in this design:

Aero 400 range: Available in a variety of materials and thicknesses, these products are designed with facade-use specifically in mind. While already offering a striking aesthetic, their optics can be further enhanced through anodising or powder coating. In this case, Fender Katsalidis opted for the latter, creating a compelling effect when the sun strikes this north-facing structure.

Pic Perf: These panels allow architects to create intricate imagery using the perforations. In the case of Mirvac Riverside Quay, this was used to create the undualting patterns that make the building such an interesting addition to Melbourne's beautiful Southbank.

More details on this project, and many more, can be found in Locker Group's 2018 Look Book.

Hopefully these three examples have got your creative juices flowing, and given you some ideas for how you can approach your next commercial building facade project. For more information on how Locker Group can work with you to bring your designs to life, or for details on our architectural products, get in touch with our team today. 

Buildings can be made safe from wildfires through intelligent design.

Fully bushfire proofing a building: Can it be done, and how?

Bushfires are more common in Australia than ever before. 

Between 2011 and 2016 the number of bushfires in our country increased by 40 per cent, according to research published in the Royal Society of Open Science. And these blazes appear to no longer be contained to traditional bushfire seasons.

According to Richard Thornton, CEO of the Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre, Australians  "need to think about being prepared all year round for fires – rather than wait for the fire season to be declared".

For many, this preparation starts with finding ways to fireproof their homes and businesses. Architects, therefore, have a leading role to play in keeping Australians safe. In this article we'll look at design techniques and materials that can be employed, and examine in their efficacy when it comes to fully bushfire proofing a building. 

Architects have a large role to play in bush fire proofing Australian homes.Australia is likely to see bushfires all year round in the decades to come.

What is the official guidance for bushfire-proof building?

A useful starting point for any safety related design project is to examine the requirements outlined in official guidance. 

Australian Standard (AS) 3959 sets out the required safety specifications for building in an area prone to bushfires. 

The first step is to ascertain your bushfire attack level (BAL). There are six BAL categories:

  1. BAL Low: Buildings with this rating are deemed sufficiently bushfire risk free that they don't need specialised construction requirements.
  2. BAL 12.5: Risk of ember attack.
  3. BAL 19: In addition to an elevated risk of ember attack, these properties are in danger from burning debris kindled by wind borne embers and an increased heat flux.
  4. BAL 29: An increase to all of the risks highlighted in BAL 19.
  5. BAL 40: An increase to all of the risks of BAL19 and BAL 29, with the addition of an increased likelihood of exposure to flames.
  6. BAL FZ: Direct exposure to flames, as well as embers and heat flux.

Knowing where your project sits in relation to the BAL levels allows you to refer to the correct sections of AS 3959, and ensure the project meets the requirements for its location. 

Beyond these specifics there are also general principles that will improve any project's bushfire protection. These can be divided into two sections:

  1. Design – How the blueprints for the building reduce threats from bushfires.
  2. Materials – Products that can slow or stop the spread of fire in a building.
Architects can use bushfire attack levels (BALs) to determine the requirements in the Australian Standard.Bushfire Attack Levels (BALs) help you determine the threat from bushfires in the area you're building.

Designing a bushfire proof building

The following design features will all increase the bushfire protection level of a home. 

1. Roofing

As many of the initial dangers from an approaching fire are airborne, roofs are an important first line of defence. Your roof should:

  • Be made from metal or fibre cement: Tiled roofs leave gaps that can let embers enter. If you do decide to use tiles, they should be sarked to protect against this problem.
  • Be pitched: A steeply sloping roof provides far fewer opportunities for embers to become trapped and cause damage. 
  • Include as few valleys as possible: Valleys offer another place for embers to collect so should be kept to an absolute minimum.

Guttering is another aspect of roofing that designers have to get right if their build is going to effectively withstand bushfires. Combustible plant debris can easily collect in gutters, providing readymade kindling for a wind-borne spark to ignite. Two simple solutions present themselves here: 

  • Gutter guards: Gutter guards stop leaves from accumulating while allowing the flow of water. They can even be made from non-combustible materials such as mesh or perforated metal.
  • Fire plugs: Fire plugs allow you to quickly fill gutters with water, preventing embers from landing and igniting further.

2. Building frames

While there aren't requirements mandating steel framing for houses in bushfire-prone areas, this design technique has become popular. As we'll see in our material section later, steel is particularly effective at slowing the spread of fire.

These frames allow you to create entire wall or roofing systems able to resist bushfires, meaning they will neither ignite or break when impacted by fire.

Roofs should be slanted to avoid the collection of embers. Roofs are a hotspot for airborne embers, so ensuring the proper design is key.

3. Windows 

Openings are an obvious point of concern in any attempt to fireproof a building, so require special attention.

Stainless steel wire mesh should be installed over openings – again, we'll return to how the specific properties of stainless steel work here a little later, but mesh as a product is efficient in its own right.

Bushfire mesh can have a maximum aperture of no greater than 2mm, and should be made from corrosion-resistant steel. This is to enable it to catch even the smallest embers, and prevent flames from igniting any combustible materials inside the building. In addition, mesh is efficient in transferring heat away from one area, reducing hotspots and helping prevent further ignition.

Other measures to take when fire-proofing windows include:

  • Installing toughened glass – This, or a non-combustible shutter, can help protect against the dangers of shattering. 
  • Fire retardant timbers – As with any external timber, window frames should be coated with fire retardant.
  • Roller shutters: Roll-down metal shutters have become a popular choice to further protect window openings from fire.

4. Verandas and outdoor areas

As well as treatment with fire retardant, thought needs to be given to space under outside decking areas.

Decking boards should have no gaps, as these can be easy points of collection for embers, and underfloor areas need to be sealed for the same reason. 

A vegetation free, grass area between the building and any surrounding bush is recommended to provide a barrier against approaching flames.

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Materials to use in a bushfire-proof build

Now that we've examined a few lines of defence that can be added through intelligent design techniques, let's have a look at the types of materials you should be using.

Before going any further, however, it's worth noting that no material is 100 per cent fireproof (despite what some may claim). Eventually, if temperatures get high enough, these substances will be damaged. That said, those on this list do a great job in either stopping or delaying the spread of either heat, flames or both.

1. Brick

Brick is a great option as a bushfire-proof material. With the ability to withstand temperatures exceeding 500° C, there's a reason you'll find bricks in heat intensive environments such as reactors, furnaces and kilns. 

How long a solid brick can directly withstand fire damage is directly proportional to its thickness. However, no matter what type of brick you use it will perform better if plastered. Plaster itself is fire resistant and helps to protect the underlying masonry. Stucco plaster is particularly effective, and are often used to encase roof overhangs, which can form a significant fire hazard. 

The fire resistance credentials of brick have been improved further in recent years by the introduction of specially designed fire bricks. These dense examples are specially designed to withstand high temperatures, and have low thermal conductivity. 

2. Concrete

Like brick, concrete is produced using intense temperatures, and so is naturally good at resisting the destructive properties of heat.

Concrete's merits when it comes to fires are threefold:

  • It doesn't ignite – You can't set fire to concrete, meaning it won't become a fuel source in the event of a fire.
  • It's a poor conductor – Concrete doesn't transfer heat quickly
  • No toxic emissions – When heated concrete doesn't let off any toxic gases. 

These properties are down to the fact that concrete is an inert material, meaning it's chemically inactive and stable to work with.

Stainless steel is a good fire retardant metal.Stainless steel's resistance to oxidisation makes it an effective fire retardant

3. Stainless steel

A number of properties make stainless steel one of the most effective fire retardant metals:

  • It can't ignite: Stainless steel itself can't catch fire, so objects made from this material won't add to a pre-existing blaze.
  • It resists oxidisation: Fire needs oxygen to survive, so stainless steel's resistance to oxidisation is a useful tool in preventing the spread of flames.
  • Its strength: The typical stainless steel grades used in construction won't start to melt until temperatures reach over 1375° C, according to the British Stainless Steel Association. As bushfires are usually transient in nature, it's unlikely these temperatures will be consistently reached.

4. Gypsum

Gypsum board, otherwise known as drywall, is a very common building material, and one that is excellent for preventing the spread of fire. 

In gypsum board, the mineral is held between two sheets of paper. This paper is slow burning, and the gypsum itself can't ignite because the chemical compound contains water. When this substance heats up, the water is released, hampering the progress of flames.

At Locker Group our twin practices of working closely with our architectural clients, and providing the latest in safety compliant products makes us the perfect partner for builds in bushfire-prone zones. To find out more about how we can help you source the materials you need, get in touch with our team today.

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Here is what to expect in architecture in 2019.

3 architectural trends to look out for in 2019

How would you like your architectural projects to be perceived?

The cutting edge of an ever-changing industry, or just another face in the crowd?

With the New Year just around the corner now is the perfect time to look to the future and examine some architectural trends set to take 2019 by storm.

Locker Group can help architects prepare for the changes in 2019.2019 is set to herald important changes in the world of architecture.

1. Eco-friendly design

2018 marked a global awakening to the problems facing the planet, so it should be no surprise that environmental considerations will feature prominently in architecture over the next 12 months.

As the people in charge of designing the next generation of buildings, architects have the potential to significantly impact the cities of the future. But how? Well, let's start with some base materials:

Aluminium

At Locker Group aluminium is one of our favourite materials to work with.

There are many reasons for this: its impressive strength: weight ratio makes it highly practical for flooring, while its malleability means it can be easily shaped to produce eye-catching features.

However, aluminium also boasts green credentials that put it among the top eco-friendly metals an architect can work with. They include:

  • Longevity: Aluminium reacts naturally with the air to form an oxide layer that provides a natural barrier to the elements. This protects the metal underneath from corrosion, making it a sustainable solution for building exteriors.
  • Reusability : Aluminium is easy to recycle. Indeed, as much as 75 per cent of all the aluminium humans have produced is believed to still be in use today, according to The Australian Aluminium Council. With advances in recycling technology, it's likely this number will only increase.

Stainless steel

It's not just a pretty face – beyond the sleek and streamlined appearance of stainless steel are some impressive eco-friendly qualities. Like aluminium, stainless steel has a long lifespan when properly cared for, and is 100 per cent recyclable, says the British Stainless Steel Association (BSSA).

Even if the stainless steel itself reaches the end of its useful life, its component parts (nickel, chromium and molybdenum) are all valuable and can be easily separated and recovered.

Architecture in 2019 should emphasise commitment to the environment.Being eco-friendly should be a top consideration for architects in 2019.

2. Open spaces

A second architectural trend to look out for in 2019 is a commitment to emphasising open spaces.

However, this comes with an important caveat. Defining individual zones within an expansive area, while retaining a spacious feel, is emerging as a fashion within a fashion.

Fortunately, there are a number of products that allow you to do just this:

Wire mesh curtains:

Wire mesh curtains were put on earth to fulfill the function of delineating sections, providing the perfect balance between privacy and inclusivity. They're a sophisticated and durable option which can bring any large room to life. Best of all, they can be installed on tracks meaning they can be used or stored as needed.

Perforated metal

A great way to make a space feel bigger is to bring the outside in. Natural light and air can help even the smallest and stuffiest space feel larger than it is, rendering it a much more enjoyable place to live or work.

Perforated metal is a great option here, and has been used to great effect by Locker Group on the outside of buildings such as the new Teaching and Learning Centre at Monash University. Here a variety of perforation profiles allows students great views of the surrounding areas as they work while still providing privacy.

Bold colours are set to be important in architecture in 2019.Powder coating allows architects to include vibrant colours in their projects.

3. Bold colours

Boldly coloured metals are set to figure prominently in architecture in 2019.

If you're looking to give your designs an eye-catching shade, Locker Group can help you achieve the results you're dreaming of.

We powder coat a wide range of products, including aluminium, stainless steel and mild steel. Powder coating is a durable and environmentally friendly technique which allows decoration in an almost limitless variety of colours.

By opting for this method over other painting alternatives, you get colours that stay vibrant for longer, as well as the opportunity to choose from a variety of textures. Our powder coatings can be glossy and smooth, matte or even wrinkled. We will work closely with you to ensure that the coloured products are delivered to the exact specifications of your unique project.

2019 is set to be an exciting year in the world of architecture, and with these tips up your sleeve you'll be able to hit the ground running come January. Locker Group looks forward to continuing to partner with architects across Australia, providing expert guidance as well as our best in class products. 

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Here are some products that make excellent sun screens.

3 products that provide the perfect sunscreen this summer

Summer in Australia means many things – Christmas, beaches and, of course, the sun.

Australians love the outdoors, but we're also increasingly aware of how important it is to give our skin a break from those intense UV rays.

These three sunscreen products provide architects the ability to create spaces which profit from natural light and airflow, while protecting occupants from the sun's rays:

1. Atmosphere perforated metal

Looking at perforated metal you can instantly see how the combination of holes and sheets makes it an instant winner for sun screening applications. While Locker Group has a variety of different ranges of perforated metal products, here we're going to talk about Atmosphere.

Atmosphere perforated metal paneling is a tensioned facade that provides efficient solar shading while creating visually striking aesthetics. The emphasis here is on flexibility – an almost endless number of design options makes these panels suitable for nearly every architectural specification. 

In addition to the custom choices, we have three standard perforation profile designs:

  • E1 and E2: These panels are designed to be used in working towards sustainability achievement criteria by allowing exceptional airflow, minimising the use of HVAC systems.
  • W1: These perforations are designed to give maximum visibility for those inside the building looking out.
  • A1: For projects that require high levels of ventilation, A1 provides a continuous facade around the structure.

The protection that the building's occupants get from the elements doesn't come at the expense of natural light, however. The perforations are designed to let light in, and can even be customised to reduce glare when necessary.

In addition, perforated metal sunscreens such as Atmosphere are great for allowing air to circulate through and out of a building. This means that those inside the structure will benefit from a comfortable working environment without having to constantly resort to HVAC systems to get through the heat of summer. 

Woven wire mesh is an effective sunscreen.Woven wire mesh can be used both internally and externally to protect against the sun.

2.  Woven wire mesh

Woven wire mesh has long been an architect's best friend when it comes to bringing the outside in, or vice versa, and has strong sun screening credentials.

Its combination of delicacy and durability means that it's equally suited to life either outside or inside a structure:

  • Interiors – Woven wire mesh can be used as a stylish alternative to fabric curtains to internally cover windows, hugely reducing glare on screens for staff working inside.
  • Exteriors – Externally, woven wire mesh sunscreens provide a lightweight facade option that also protects against wind and rain damage. 

One of the greatest advantages of using woven wire mesh on building facades is the ease with which it can be installed. Due to their light weight, mesh screens require far fewer support structures when compared with other traditional framing systems. This is especially true when combined with custom designed cables and connectors. For example, when Locker Group products were used at the Park Beach Plaza in Coffs Harbour, 900mof panels were put in place in just nine days. 

Even when functionality is the key consideration, woven wire mesh also brings real character to any building facade. For example, at 103 Lonsdale Street in Melbourne, on the outskirts of Chinatown, aluminium wire was used to create a three-dimensional feature in the shape of a golden lantern.

3. Expanded metal mesh

Expanded metal mesh begins life as a simple sheet that's then simultaneously stretched and slit to produce a pattern of diamond-shaped holes, providing the perfect material for sunscreening.

At Locker Group, we can customise everything from the profile size and shape through to the mesh openings and strand widths. This provides a finished panel with aesthetic and functional credentials to meet your demands. While interiors can benefit from larger mesh profiles that promote light flow, when it comes to sun shading louvre-shaped profiles tick all the boxes. The three-dimensional textured finish that comes with expanded metal mesh is great for letting light in, but keeping interiors cool.

As with perforated metal and woven wire mesh, another important benefit of expanded metal when it comes to creating comfortable spaces this summer is air flow. The slit creation that occurs during manufacture allows air to circulate naturally, stopping offices becoming saunas during the heat of the day. 

For more information on Locker Group products that will give your project the edge in sun protection this summer, get in touch with our team today. 

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This guide is to make sure Santa stays safe while working at height in Australia.

What Santa needs to know about safe roof access in Australia

Dear Santa, we appreciate that no one experiences deadlines like you do.

With just one night to deliver presents to children all over the world, you've streamlined your output to a degree that many of us will only dream of.

However, efficiency can't come at the expense of safety. Injuries sustained from a fall from height require an average recovery period of 7.4 weeks, according to the Working At Height Association (WAHA). This is time that you simply don't have.

Because all we want for Christmas is your safety, we've put together this quick guide to protect you when working on Australian roofs.

Locker Group products meet Australian Standards for safety when working at height.The pressure of delivering presents to children across the world doesn't mean safety can be sacrificed.

1. Know the Australian Standard

At Locker Group we have the privilege of partnering with some of Australia's leading industrialists and architects. This means we know how much planning goes into safety provision and risk mitigation before a project gets underway. 

Saint Nick, we know that time is a pressure, but we ask that in the interests of safety you add one final stage to your pre-departure routine. After feeding the reindeer, glancing down the naughty and nice lists and a brief check of your world map, we urge you to familiarise yourself with the AS 1657:2018.

This is the most up-to-date version of the Australian Standard that deals with working at height. It will provide you with the theoretical fundamentals of what you need to know about safe roof access in Australia. Now, how about some equipment?

Safety should be always be considered when working on rooftops.It's easy to get injured when working at height.

2. Minimising the risk of falling

With all due respect, Santa, we're worried that you might get complacent when it comes to the Australian leg of your journey. Sure, our Christmases are never white so you don't have to deal with slippery snow on our rooftops. However, there's still an average of 7,000 injury claims resulting from falls from height every year in Australia, says the WAHA. So don't get lax.

AS 1657:2018 sets out the correct specifications for the design, construction and installation of fixed platforms, stairways and ladders and walkways. We know that your trusty sleigh will deliver you directly to the rooftop, so what we'd recommend for you is the last of these. 

There are three things in particular that you need to bear in mind when it comes to your walkway:

  1. It should lead away from the roof edge: This shouldn't be a problem, as you'll be headed for the chimney, but aim to put as much distance as you can between yourself and the hazard.
  2. Consider the gradient: Pulling that sack of presents is hard work, and unfortunately your preferred point of entry is usually at the roof's apex. If this incline is over 10° you need to use cleats to stop you from slipping. Locker Group's walkways have a variety of slotted and serrated tread profiles, so we're bound to have one that will fit your snow boots.
  3. Get good guardrails: Even when your walkway is over two metres away from the roof edge, you should have guardrails as an extra precaution. No one is doubting your stamina, but an extra point of contact can be especially important towards the end of your big night.

Now, we know what you're thinking. Would your sleigh even get off the ground in Lapland carrying a walkway as well as all those presents? Don't worry, we've got you covered.

Locker Group's Gripspan flooring is fully compliant with AS 1657:2018, and is light enough to be easily handled by two people….or maybe four elves. Its strength and durability puts safety first, meaning that the only falling you will do on Christmas Eve is down the chimney to a welcome of mince pies and milk.

Santa, from all of us at Locker Group we wish you a safe and easy run this Christmas, and don't hesitate to contact us if you want to learn more about safety when working on roofs.

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Woven wire mesh fences are strong and reliable.

Durable security: Making your mesh fence last longer

With its combination of strength and flexibility, woven wire mesh is a great material to use in fence projects whether they're commercial or domestic. However, you need to make sure the result is lasting.

Here are some tips on materials, designs and installation that will make your woven wire mesh fence more durable.

Locker Group has a variety of woven wire mesh products.Our fencing materials can be used for a variety of applications.

Why woven over welded?

Woven and welded wire mesh may look similar, but there is a key difference that comes in the manufacturing stage.

  • Woven wire mesh – Here the strands of wire are woven over and under each other, creating an interlocking sheet.
  • Welded wire mesh – In this instance, the criss-crossing wires are spot welded together where they intersect.

In a direct comparison, the joints on welded wire mesh fences make them stronger, so why are we advocating woven in this article?

The weaving process creates high tensile strength in the mesh, but crucially allows for a greater degree of bending than welding would. This means that woven wire is often favoured in applications such as animal or aviary enclosures, where it's handy for the fencing to have a bit of flexibility when withstanding pressure.

Finding the perfect metal

To get the longest life out of your woven wire fence, there are some important decisions to make regarding base materials.

At Locker Group, the most common metals we work with to create woven wire products are stainless steel, galvanised steel and brass. Let's have a look at how each would stand up to an outdoor application such as fencing:

  • Galvanised steel:

Here, steel is coated with a layer of zinc. This actually creates two extra layers of protection for the steel – the zinc itself, and a zinc oxide layer that forms naturally when this metal is exposed to air.

  • Stainless steel:

Stainless steel also has a reputation for being slow to rust. This is mainly thanks to a thin oxide layer that forms on the metal's surface, which acts as a barrier to the elements.

  • Brass:

As an alloy of copper and zinc, the corrosion resistance of brass depends on the ratio of these two elements. Generally, as the amount of zinc increases, the corrosion resistance decreases. Overall, brass is rust resistant, but will turn green when it reacts with air.

Of these options, brass is more likely to be used in decorative fencing, whereas galvanised and stainless steel tend to have more functional uses.

Animal fencing requires a degree of flexibility, which makes woven wire a great option.For external uses, such as animal fencing, you need to ensure your fence will stand up to the elements.

Are there different types of weave?

Yes there are, and choosing the right one is a key part of making your woven wire fence durable.

The most common type for fences and gates is known as a crimped screen. Crimping is a straightforward process in which the individual wires are specifically shaped to fit tightly together when weaving takes place.

This results in a particularly strong wire screen.

Installation tips

Even after thorough research, a rushed or poorly thought-out installation can make a woven wire fence far less effective than it should be.

Here are a few recommendations when it comes to erecting your fence:

1.Prepare and plan

Don't just head out with your posts and wire and start knocking things together at random.

The spacing of your posts will depend both upon the area in which you're working, and the purpose your fence will serve. Consulting with an expert is advisable, but a useful rule of thumb is that higher tensile strengths often call for greater spacing of posts.

2. Put some effort into the corner posts

Corner posts are integral to the overall strength of your fence, so make sure yours are pushed deep enough into the ground. This is especially true if you're working in soft soils.

Again, the exact depth will depend on the size of the post you're using, but some experts go as far as to say that the depth in the ground should be the same as, or greater than, the height of the top wire.

3. Build a strong brace

The brace is the diagonal post that helps prop up your fence, and takes a lot of the strain. Ensuring that yours is sturdy and properly placed will go a long way to helping your fence last.

Once your fence is up, that isn't the end of the story. Regular maintenance to the wires, posts and braces will greatly extend its overall life span.

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Electropolishing can take your stainless steel products to the next level.

Why you should consider electropolished stainless steel

Stainless steel is one of our favourite metals to work with. It goes into some of our most popular products, including expanded metal, and its combination of strength, pleasing aesthetics and durability make it a great option for a wide range of different projects and applications.

However, if you want to take your product to the next level, you should consider investing in electropolished stainless steel. Let's have a look at how the electropolishing process works, and what it does to metals.

Electropolishing removes bumps and contaminants from the surface of metals.Electropolishing can be used to create a smooth surface on stainless steel.

A guide to electropolishing

Electropolishing, also known as reverse plating, works by removing material from the surface of a metal using an electrical current. It's important not to confuse this process with a similar one known as passivation – this technique also removes materials from the surface of metal, but does so using citric or nitric acid, rather than electricity.

To explain how electropolishing works, we'll use a sheet of stainless steel as an example. Here's the process, step by step:

  • Preparation – Before the electropolishing procedure begins, the sheet is prepared through degreasing/cleaning using an alkaline or other solvent, and heat oxides.
  • Immersion – The sheet is then plunged into a bath of electrolytes. The electrolytes themselves are usually phosphoric acid and sulphuric acid, and it's worth noting that the temperature of this bath is carefully monitored to achieve the desired results. A typical temperature could be anywhere between 40 and 76 degrees Celsius.
  • Electrification – An electrical current is then passed through the solution. The sheet metal itself acts as the anode (the positively charged electrical conductor), and the cathode (the negatively charged electrical conductor) is usually made from a material like titanium, which will not dissolve during the process.
  • Dissolving – As the current passes through the sheet metal, part of the surface of the metal is dissolved into the electrolyte bath.

The usual treatment time runs between two and 20 minutes, however the current will naturally become focused on rough edges or other projections, which leads to a smooth and even surface.

One of the benefits of electropolishing is that it allows very close control over how much of the metal surface is removed. This is achieved by altering the runtime of the process and the amp-minutes (how much electricity is passed through the sheet).

One of the benefits of electropolishing stainless steel is increasing its corrosion resistance.Electropolishing stainless steel improves its corrosion resistance.

The advantages of electropolishing stainless steel

1. Corrosion resistance

We highly recommend that any stainless steel products you plan to use for outdoor applications are electropolished to make them more resistant to corrosion. Because electropolishing removes the outer most layer of metal, it also removes embedded contaminants that can break up the surface and become hotspots for corrosion.

2. Aesthetic value

If you're thinking of using stainless steel perforated metal, there's a good chance this is because of its reputation for having a strong visual impact. However, electropolishing can take this a step further. Not only do you remove visible imperfections from the metal, by electropolishing you increase the reflectivity and smoothness of the surface.

Any stainless steel products placed outdoors should be electropolished to increase corrosion resistance.

3. Deburring

A burr is a ridge or edge created by the action of a machine or tool, these can become hindrances when working with the metal at later stages, and so should be removed.

As we mentioned earlier, protrusions become high-density areas for the electrical current in the electropolishing process, and so will be worn away quicker than other areas. This levels the surface and creates a smoother product for you to work with. Due to the fact that electropolishing isn't a mechanical process, removing burrs in this way doesn't risk distorting the product as a whole.

In a similar vein, if creating a uniform size is the priority, then the close control that comes with electropolishing can help to craft your products to your specifications.

4. Ease of cleaning

As well as contributing to the aesthetics, the superior microfinish that results from electropolishing can reduce adhesion to your product. This means you're likely to have less of a build up of scum and dirt, resulting in a surface that is easier to keep clean and hygienic. This is one of the reasons why electropolished stainless steel is often used in medical and food preparation scenarios.

Whatever use you have in mind for your stainless steel product, electropolishing can enhance the qualities of this already versatile and popular material. For more information on the process, or general metal enquiries, reach out to our team today.

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What makes perforated metal environmentally friendly?

What makes perforated metal environmentally friendly?

Architects and industrial firms alike love to work with perforated metal. For the former, the control over perforation patterns can give a truly unique aesthetic to a building, while the anti-slip properties of perforated metal flooring means that it has all the bases covered when safety matters most.

But did you know that, in addition to the visual and practical advantages of this product, perforated metal is also environmentally friendly?

Let's find out how.

The materials and procedures used in manufacturing perforated metal are environmentally friendly.Perforated metal is an environmentally friendly product.

1. The materials

At Locker Group we can perforate just about any substrate presented to us, but two of the most common we use are aluminium and stainless steel. Both of these are great for the green manufacture of perforated metal.

Aluminium

This material is widely popular due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and versatility. However, other features of aluminium make it a great choice for the environmentally minded:

  • Its resilience – aluminium naturally reacts with oxygen and water to produce an oxide layer. This acts as a second skin on top of the aluminium itself to protect the metal from corrosion, which means products made from this material have a long life expectancy.
  • Its reusability –  aluminium is one of the most recycled materials in use today, according to The Aluminium Association. In fact, 75 per cent of the aluminium ever produced in the United States is still in use now. What's more, when aluminium is recycled it doesn't lose the properties that make it such a great construction material.

Aluminium and stainless steel are great for the green manufacture of perforated metal.

Stainless steel

Stainless steel also has a long life span, and again is easily recyclable. In any given stainless steel object, roughly 60 per cent of the mass comprises recycled materials, according to the British Stainless Steel Association (BSSA). This figure is only likely to continue to grow as stainless steel usage expands.

Even if stainless steel products do end up in landfill, the fact that they're not coated in any toxic material means there's no dangerous chemical runoff into the soil.  

Locker Group uses mainly aluminium and stainless steel for producing perforated metal.Aluminium and stainless steel make for eco-friendly base materials.

2. The manufacturing process

Machines involved in the mass production of perforated metal can punch at rates of 120 to 500 hits per minute, and so have the capability to make thousands of holes in next to no time.

All of the metal punched out of the sheet during perforation is melted down and used again.

You may be thinking, for a process that claims to be green, that's a lot of metal being pushed out that doesn't go into the finished piece. Fear not, at Locker Group, we hate waste.

We collect all of the metal removed from the original sheet and take it to a foundry where it's melted down so it can be used again. In the past, a significant amount of this recycled metal went into the manufacture of car parts, but now that's not such a big sector in Australia there are a multitude of other homes found. 

3. The finished build

One of the main reasons that architects in particular like to use perforated metal is that it gives buildings a natural feel. Perforated metal sheets from Locker Group simultaneously provide great shielding from strong rains and wind while enhancing natural light and air flow.

This can be seen at the Learning and Teaching building on the Clayton campus of Monash University. Here we supplied perforated metal with three different perforation profiles to create different visual effects, but also to allow those within the buildings to profit from the impressive windows that line the facade. 

However, this wasn't the only effect. By making the most of natural light and air flow in this way, you also take the pressure off lights and HVAC systems. 

Over 69 per cent of Australian households believe that air conditioning is the single largest contributor to their electricity bills, according to a survey by Canstar, so you can imagine how much power is consumed trying to keep commercial sized premises cool during the height of the Australian summer. By letting nature take care of some of the work for you, perforated metal will make your finished build more environmentally friendly. 

If you're interested in using perforated metal in your next architectural or industrial project, or want to know how you can make your processes more environmentally friendly, Locker Group is here to help.

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Have a look at these architectural uses of perforated metal from around the world.

4 amazing perforated metal architectural projects from around the world

At Locker Group we make no secret of our love for perforated metal. We have over 60 years experience in manufacturing this bold and versatile product, and know how much it can add to both the interior and exterior of architectural projects.

However, you don't have to just take our word for it. This article gives 4 recent examples of perforated metal in architectural action from across the globe. Prepare to be amazed:

1. The Miami Museum Garage

Any building constructed in Miami's Design District will have stiff competition when it comes to standing out from the crowd – this area is known for innovative design, art and architecture.

We'll let you judge for yourself, but we'd say the Miami Museum Garage does a pretty good job. The facade is inspired by ant colonies, with the structure representing a similar hive of activity. Public areas such as a playground, a garden and an art space are selectively shown, with the rest of the building disappearing behind an epic perforated metal screen.

This is a perfect example of why perforated metal is excellent for use in facades. Not only is it visually striking, this building makes use the material's natural capacity for sun and wind shelter while also permitting great air and light filtration.

2. Yokohama nursery

There are many aspects of the Yokohama nursery that make it a great piece of architecture. From the warm interior feeling created by the plywood boards to the windows designed to resemble traditional dwellings in the area, every aspect is well thought through and well executed.

However, the aspect of this building that really stands out to us is the perforated metal facade. Not only does it stand out from the white structures on either side of the nursery, the perforation pattern has been cleverly arranged to resemble the constellations of a galaxy. Now these kids get to literally play among the stars!

3. Salesforce Transit Center 

Opened to the public on the 11th of August 2018, the Salesforce Transit Center is a truly iconic addition to the city of San Francisco. The building, which was 17 years in the making and will serve as a central transport hub for the city, is said to be inspired by nature as well as art and math. 

The design features a jaw-dropping 3,992 perforated white aluminium panels.

The design features a jaw-dropping 3,992 perforated white aluminium panels, decorated with an intricate geometrical pattern designed by mathematician and physicist Sir Roger Penrose.

For those who want to take things a step further, Locker Group offers a Pic Perf range of facades where images can be precisely perforated into the metal sheet, creating a truly unique and eye-catching result.This structure really shows off the artistic capabilities of perforated metal. One of the features of this product that makes it so engaging for architects is the fact that there is an almost limitless variety of patterns and shapes that can be punched in.

4. The Vancouver 'Tree House'

Here's one for the future. 

The slopes of West Vancouver will soon be graced with the presence of a 12 story condo building, which at this point is being called the 'Tree House'. 

The perforated metal will be used in the soffits of individual units which will cantilever from the main structure.

The facade will feature a range of materials including dark painted metal, exposed concrete and, you guessed it, perforated metal. Here, perforated metal will be used in the soffits of individual units which will cantilever from the main structure.

The material was chosen for this project for reasons similar to the Miami Museum Garage – namely its ability to provide visual contrast and shade. The 'Tree House' is designed to blend into its surroundings, and the capacity that perforated metal has for establishing natural feeling light flow will be of great use in fulfilling this aim.  

We hope this article goes someway to showing you the amazing potential that perforated metal has for use in architecture. Each of these projects use the material in different ways, and architects need to be able to count on suppliers to deliver products on schedule, and to their exact specifications. Locker Group prides itself on working closely with our clients to ensure that high quality and reliable deliverables. 

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Powder coating is durable and eco-friendly.

The benefits of powder coating in architectural projects

With so many ways to treat and finish metal products, it can be hard to choose which method is best for your project. Since the 1970s, powder coating has been a favourite option among architects due to its versatility and durability, as well as its eco-friendly credentials. But how does this technique work, and what makes it so popular?

Here's the Locker Group guide to powder coating in architecture.

Planning is needed when powder coating different metals.Architects need to consider the stages of the powder coating process.

The process of powder coating

Powder coating is the addition of a protective plastic layer to a metal substrate using a spray gun. It may sound like child's play, however there's a little more to the process than meets the eye:

  • Do I need to prepare the metal? Before any spraying takes place it's crucial that the metal is decontaminated and cleaned. The presence of unwanted substances on the base product may mean the powder doesn't stick well, causing bumps and other unwanted features. Common contaminants include grease, corrosion patches, oil and mill scale. Later on we'll discuss which pre-treatments best suit different metal types.   
  • What's in the coating? The spray emitted from the gun comprises ingredients including polymer resins, levelling agents and pigments, which have been melt mixed and ground into a powder. By changing the colour of the polymer, you are able to get a wide variety of different colour coats.
  • How does it stick to the substrate? The spray gun itself supplies an electrostatic charge to the powder particles (a process called electrostatic spray deposition), meaning they're attracted to the earthed metal.
  • Why is this process so effective? The adhesive properties of the coating are increased further when the parts go through a curing oven. The heat reacts with the chemicals in the coat to create dense cross-links between the molecules that are very difficult to breakdown. 

Powder coating is the addition of a protective layer of plastic to a metal substrate using a spray gun.

The benefits of powder coating for architects

The process described above gives powder coats some unique characteristics that make it ideal for use in architectural projects. Here are some of the most important:

Choice – You can powder coat your chosen features in just about any colour, meaning powder coating provides aesthetic function in addition to the practical benefits we will mention shortly. However, don't stop at colour – from matte to ultra glossy you have an almost limitless selection of textures too.

Durability – Powder coats are long lasting. Unlike many of the paint based finishing techniques with which it's often associated, powder coating has a high tolerance for a variety of environmental conditions, as well chemicals and abrasion.

Environmental compliance – 2018 has seen awareness of human impact on the environment reach new levels, and it's important that architects and industrial practitioners minimise their negative effect on the planet. There are a number of features of the powder coating process that make it more ecologically sound than many alternative techniques:

  • It eliminates, or greatly reduces, the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are traditionally found in paints.
  • Powder coating also minimises or removes the release of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) associated with conventional liquid coatings.
  • If more powder is sprayed than necessary, the excess can be retrieved for future use.
  • Powder coats usually don't contain heavy metals that can be dangerous for people as well as the environment.
Powder coating is ecologically sound.Powder coating is more environmentally friendly than most wet paint techniques.

As well as offering choice and durability to architects, powder coatings are environmentally friendly.

Which metals suit powder coating?

The good news if you like what you're hearing about powder coating so far, is that it's a technique applicable to a wide range of products. For architects this means that it can be used extensively on both the inside and outside of builds. 

Here we'll have a look at three specific metals which are the primary materials for many of our favourite products. They all make excellent candidates for powder coating, but require unique treatment prior to spraying.

  1. Aluminium – The lightweight yet strong nature of aluminium means that it's a firm favourite in building design. However, the oxide coating that gives aluminium its rust resistant reputation must be removed prior to powder coating to allow the polymer to bond with the metal itself, rather than this protective outer layer. This can be achieved through surface blasting or submerging the metal in a phosphate solution.
  2. Galvanised steel – As galvanised steel has already been finished (through the process of galvanisation), it may seem like an odd choice to include here. However, as powder coating adds another layer of protection, this substrate is actually one of the most common to undergo the process. In addition, the fact that galvanised steel has the capacity to form a layer of zinc oxide or zinc carbonate, similar to the oxide layer on aluminium, means that similar techniques must be employed to remove this before spraying can commence.
  3. Stainless steel – For stainless steel the focus is on profiling the surface of the metal to make it easier for the powder to stick. This could involve blasting with a sharp substance such as aluminium oxide or, at a more advanced level, an acid etch. 

A few drawbacks

While powder coating has a lot going for it, it wouldn't be fair to paint it in a perfect light, if you'll excuse the pun. Here are two drawbacks you should consider:

  • Achieving a thin layer is difficult – This is due to a relative lack of control over the rate and amount of powder applied to the target. If you're looking to apply 6 millimetres or less, this isn't the technique for you.
  • It's hard to remove – We told you it's durable. However, the flip side of this advantage is that removing powder coats will take some time if mistakes are made.

Powder coating is a useful tool in an architect's arsenal, but only when implemented correctly for your unique project. At Locker Group we work directly with our architectural clients to deliver products tailored to your requirements, engaging with you every step of the way.

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Six considerations for industrial overhead walkway design

Overhead walkways are commonplace on industrial sites. They're a great way to maximise the space available to you by providing an accessible route for both workers and materials to get around. However, as with anything involving height, there is an element of risk. These considerations will help minimise that risk, and allow you to get the most out of your industrial overhead walkway design.

1. Compliance

At the most basic of starting points you need to make sure that all walkways are compliant with Australian standards. The AS 1657 is used in health and safety best practice across Australia, and makes clear what is expected when it comes to the design, construction and installation of fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders on industrial sites.

This standard is updated and added to, so you need to stay on top of changes to ensure all aspects of your site still comply with what's expected.

2. Grip

Being able to keep your feet is particularly important when working at height, so overhead walkways should feature tread that prevents slips and falls. Meshstore is proud to suggest its Gripspan plank walkway, which comes with three different tread options to suit your personal preference.

The standard Gripspan diamond tread, the slotted tread and the rounded Shurgrip pattern have all been produced to provide superior grip, and these walkways are applicable anywhere where the dangers of working at height mean that extra precaution is advisable.

These walkways all come ready to go, and don't require the application of extra coating or further working to help them prevent common on-site accidents.

3. Handrails and grab bars

Half of the workers involved in the most serious falls between 2003 and 2015 were working at a height of 3 metres or less, according to statistics from Safe Work Australia. Handrails and grab bars are an excellent way to provide another level of safety for staff working on overhead walkways.

The Monowills Link from Webforge is a modular handrail made from galvanised steel with stanchions, pipes and links that have a tensile strength exceeding 350 MPa. This means they can take the strain from heavy loads, so you don't have to worry that they'll fail you at the moments when safety matters most.

The Monowills modular handrail can also come with pre-made infill panels, which boost its safety credentials even further.

4. Drainage

On external sites, functioning and efficient drainage is paramount for overhead walkways. The build up of mud, rainwater and other detritus which occurs naturally on industrial sites can make access routes slippery and dangerous, and will also slow the rate at which people and materials are able to move.

This is why all Meshstore's walkway products are designed to allow liquids to pass through, making for effective drainage and reducing the risk of slips.

However, these walkways are still compliant with the 15mm ball test, part of the AS 1657. This stipulates that any flooring under which people are able to pass must be designed to stop small objects (up to the size of a 15mm ball) from passing through and causing injury to those walking below.

5. Strength and endurance

Of course, one of the most important considerations for industrial overhead walkways is whether they're capable of bearing the loads that will be placed upon them. You also want your walkway to last the entire span of your project, so low maintenance is another important factor.

We've already discussed the strength of Monowills galvanised steel handrails, and whilst steel is certainly a great option for dependable, endurable walkways, aluminium is another firm contender. The added advantage of both of these metals is that they are non-porous, meaning that they're less susceptible to the bacteria which can cause degradation problems further down the road with other materials.

6. Ease of installation

On industrial sites there is the ever-present pressure of deadlines. If you're installing overhead walkways, you're doing so to make things run more smoothly, so you don't it want to take forever to put it in place.

There are a number of things that will speed up the installation process:

  • The materials used – lightweight metals are easier to transport, and therefore easier to install. Choose a walkway made from a metal that isn't going to take a great deal of time and manpower to put into place.
  • Adjustable parts – industrial sites are ever-changing, so you want the components of your walkway to be adaptable for use in different areas.

With years of experience in supplying to the industrial sector, Meshstore knows how important it is that the products you choose are the right fit for your site. If you're ready to start designing your overhead walkway, jump into our online store to find all the products you'll need.

There's a lot of choice when it comes to using woven wire in architecture.

How to choose woven wire for an architectural project

So you've decided to incorporate woven wire into your next architectural project. Firstly, congratulations – you've chosen a versatile and aesthetically interesting product that can be used to add flair to a wide range of builds. 

However, now you're faced with the happy problem of choice. Due to its ability to perform both visual and practical roles in the design of a building, and the fact that it can be used internally and externally, there's a fair bit of thought required when selecting woven wire for use in architecture.

Here are a few factors to bear in mind:

How will it function?

With a variety of materials and profiles to choose from, you need to consider the function of the woven wire you're planning to install.

Woven wire has a number of common purposes, including:

  • Sun shading.
  • Providing a shield from wind and rain. 
  • Creating a partition. 
  • Allowing the flow of air and light through a space.

However, a wire mesh feature intended to give a feeling of privacy is clearly going to require a different profile to one where the desired outcome is allowing more light into an area.

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For example, in the redevelopment of the PwC premises in Sydney, Design Director Gavin Harris wanted a woven wire product for the ceiling that allowed transparency and reflectivity without losing light, aesthetics or sound in the space. Ultimately Locker Group's Planar 441 provided exactly the right balance, and was incorporated into this unique and interesting design.

You need to consider the function of the woven wire you're thinking of installing as part of your design.

You should also consider how the use of different metal substrates will impact the look of your design. Locker Group provides woven wire mesh in a variety of materials, including stainless steel, aluminium, brass and galvanised steel. Each contributes a different aesthetic to a space, so think about the atmosphere you're attempting to create.

Will it be used internally or externally?

Clearly there are different requirements for any metal-based architectural feature depending on whether it's used internally or externally. Wire mesh used to provide a feeling of privacy in a restaurant will be under a lot less stress from the elements than the same feature used to create a 3D effect on the outside of a building.

In addition to choosing the woven wire mesh that's best suited to the environmental conditions of your project, it's also important to think about finishing techniques. As well as protecting the metal substrate from the elements, finishing techniques can enhance its the visual proprieties – contributing to how it will impact your design.

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How much does it weigh?

The relative weights of the elements you include in your building design are of great importance when establishing safety and costs. We'll return to costs in a bit more detail later, but let's have a look at the weights of woven wire mesh, and what this means for your design.

Of all the metal materials you're likely to use in your project, woven wire products will probably be the lightest. They range from 0.178 kilograms per square metre (kg/m²), for grade-316 stainless steel, to 8.1 kg/m² for galvanised steel. 

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Whilst there are obvious benefits of using lightweight elements such as wire mesh, there are still important safety considerations – especially for architectural applications such as building facades. The installation of any panel facade, whether wire mesh or perforated metal, should be preceded by a thorough examination of the fixing system, and what the implied load will be for the support structure.  For external uses, it's also important to factor in wind loads, especially on corners. 

Of all the metal materials you're likely to use in your project, woven wire products will probably be the lightest.

AS/NZS 1170 is the most important standard regulating load requirements for buildings, so ensure that your mesh manufacturer is able to provide full certificates for the products they supply to you.

As well as the implications for the building itself, you should consider how weight will impact on the ease of installation. Returning to our example from the PwC design in Sydney, a supporting spring line was required to ensure a fast and safe implementation of the woven wire on the ceiling. Making these considerations in advance can save you time and money when it comes to bringing your design to life.

What will it cost?

After safety, costs and deadlines are the biggest considerations. Builds have tight budgets and timeframes, so you need to ensure that the materials you choose aren't going to break the bank or cause you to fall behind.

This, again, is where the lightweight nature of wire mesh really comes into its own. Woven wire mesh is typically easy to install, reducing labour costs and helping you stick to deadlines.

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For example, when Locker Group supplied stainless steel woven wire for use in Vogel House, a high profile building in the parliamentary district of Wellington, New Zealand, the installation process was completed in a matter of days. The mesh was delivered in three rolls and attached at the top and bottom of the staircase it was screening, with Locker Group providing technical assistance to ensure a fast but safe installation. 

As such a versatile and easy material to work with, it's no wonder that woven wire plays a role in so many architectural designs around the world. Locker Group works closely with its clients to create tailored products that fit your requirements, and your budget. 

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